A biomarker, or biological marker, is in general a substance used as an indicator of a biological state. It is a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarker discovery has been accelerated by proteomics, which study to entire protein expression at any given time in cell or tissue. If a certain protein is the functional molecule in cells, measurement of the differential expression of proteins could indicate disease-specific changes in tissues or organs.
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