The Acquisition Paradox: Why People Matter More Than Numbers

October 11, 2024, 11:01 pm
Harvard Business Review
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In the world of business, acquisitions are like high-stakes poker games. Companies wager billions, hoping to strike gold. Yet, the odds are grim. About 80% of acquisitions fail to meet their goals. Why? The reasons are as varied as the companies involved. Poor planning, inflated valuations, and lack of integration are just a few culprits. But the most significant factor often overlooked is the people.

Every year, businesses spend over $2 trillion on acquisitions. Why? The answer is simple: speed. In a fast-paced market, building capabilities from scratch can feel like running a marathon in quicksand. Acquisitions offer a shortcut, a chance to leapfrog into new markets, technologies, and relationships. But this leap can quickly turn into a fall if not handled with care.

Leading an entertainment technology company with iconic brands like TiVo and DTS, I’ve witnessed the rollercoaster of acquisitions firsthand. We’ve made 15 acquisitions in the last decade. Each one taught us valuable lessons, but the most crucial was this: the success of an acquisition hinges on its people.

When evaluating a potential acquisition, companies often focus on financial metrics and technological assets. However, the real treasure lies in the human capital. The leaders and teams from the acquired company can be the guiding stars that steer the ship toward success. Identifying these key players is essential. Their strategic thinking and leadership skills can shape the future of the business.

Consider this: the technology we acquired in one deal became obsolete. Yet, the CEO we brought on board has been a cornerstone of our leadership for over a decade. His team laid the groundwork for our connected car platform, a thriving segment of our business. This illustrates a vital point: sometimes, the value of an acquisition isn’t in the product but in the people behind it.

Once the right people are identified, the next step is integration. This is where many companies stumble. They often treat integration as an afterthought, a mere checklist of tasks. But integration is more than assigning desks and merging systems. It’s about creating a new culture, a blend of the best from both worlds.

In our experience, we’ve found that identifying change champions from both companies is crucial. These are the leaders who can rally the troops, communicate effectively, and foster collaboration. They become the bridge between the old and the new, ensuring a smoother transition.

Culture is another critical aspect. Merging two companies often leads to a clash of cultures. The default assumption is that the acquiring company’s culture will dominate. This can be a grave mistake. Instead, it’s essential to evaluate both cultures and create a new set of values that reflect the combined entity. This process requires patience and input from employees at all levels. It’s not easy, but the payoff is worth it.

After closing a deal, many leaders breathe a sigh of relief, thinking the hard work is done. But for employees, the real journey begins. The integration phase is a marathon, not a sprint. It requires ongoing effort, transparency, and empathy. Communication is key. Within weeks of an acquisition, we make it a priority to meet with as many employees as possible. We lay out our plans, clarify roles, and address concerns. This openness builds trust and reduces uncertainty.

Research shows that about a third of employees from an acquired company leave within the first year. This turnover often stems from anxiety and culture clashes. However, with a deliberate integration process, we’ve managed to keep our turnover rate at just 15% in our last two acquisitions. This success is a testament to the power of focusing on people.

Success in acquisitions can be defined in many ways. Financial metrics, market expansion, and new relationships are all important. But true success also means creating an environment where employees feel valued and engaged. When people believe they are part of something meaningful, they are more likely to contribute to the company’s goals.

In the end, acquisitions are not just about numbers and assets. They are about people. The right people can transform a struggling acquisition into a thriving success. By prioritizing human capital, companies can navigate the complexities of integration and emerge stronger.

As the business landscape continues to evolve, the lessons learned from successful acquisitions will remain relevant. Companies must adapt, listen, and prioritize their people. In this high-stakes game, the real winners are those who recognize that the heart of every acquisition lies in its people. They are the ones who will drive innovation, foster collaboration, and ultimately deliver extraordinary experiences to customers.

In the acquisition paradox, the numbers may draw the eye, but it’s the people who hold the key to lasting success.